What is polycystic ovaries?
Polycystic ovary (PCO) is one of the most common disorders among women and girls in adolescence and childbearing, and is also known as polycystic ovary.


Ovarian cysts appear when detected using ultrasound in the form of a change in the nature of the growth of the follicles in which the eggs develop, which form part of the anatomical and functional structure of the ovary.


Symptoms of PCOS in some girls include irregular menstruation or pain during ovulation, but they often do not cause pain in the pelvic area, but the possibility of pelvic pain increases with the presence of a cyst on the ovary or the development of ovarian cysts.


What is the difference between PCOS and PCOS?


Despite the similarity between the names of the two cases, the risks and complications of each differ, and the symptoms and treatment methods often differ. Below is an explanation of the difference between cyst and PCOS

1-polycystic ovaries:

*More common, with a prevalence of 33% in women of childbearing age

**A disorder in the development of the ovarian follicles, and in some cases it may be considered a natural form of the ovary without causing any health problems

***The symptoms of PCOS are less severe and may not cause any symptoms

2-Polycystic ovary syndrome:

*Less common, with a prevalence of 12-18% in women of childbearing age

**A hormonal metabolic disorder associated with an imbalance in the metabolism and an irregularity in the levels of male and female hormones, such as testosterone and estrogen

***Symptoms of PCOS are more severe, including delayed menstruation, acne, increased facial and body hair, and pregnancy problems.


***The causes of polycystic ovaries are not completely clear, but there are some factors that have a role in increasing the possibility of developing and developing this disorder, and these factors include:

obesity;
family history
Insulin resistance.
Inflammation in the body, which may increase insulin resistance
The exact cause of PCOS is not clear. Many women with PCOS have insulin resistance; This means that the body cannot use insulin well, as insulin levels build up in the body and may lead to elevated androgen levels. Obesity can also increase insulin levels and exacerbate PCOS symptoms

How is PCOS diagnosed?
Health care providers will ask about the woman's medical history and symptoms, and she'll also undergo a physical exam, possibly including a pelvic exam. This test checks the health of the reproductive organs, both inside and outside the body, according to "Johns Hopkins Medicine."

2**-  Ovarian cyst symptoms
Ovarian cysts may not cause any symptoms, and if some symptoms appear, they often begin in the teenage or early twenties, and the nature of the symptoms of PCOS may vary between women.

The severity of symptoms also varies according to the degrees of polycystic ovaries or if the cyst coincides with the presence of a cyst on the ovary, as there are mild cases of polycystic ovaries and there are severe cases, and the symptoms of severe ovarian cysts may be similar to the symptoms of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Possible ovarian cyst symptoms include:

Irregular menstruation or infrequent menstruation.
overweight.
Thinning and hair loss.
Increased secretions of oily skin or acne.
Excessive hair growth on the face, chest, back or buttocks, a condition called hirsutism.
Difficulty getting pregnant or irregular ovulation.
Irregular menstruation
Missing a period
light menstrual cycle
Large ovaries or have many cysts
Excess body hair, including the chest, stomach and back (hirsutism)
Weight gain, especially around the abdomen
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Oily skin
Baldness similar to male pattern baldness
hair lightness
infertility
Skin tags on the neck or armpits
Dark or thickened patches of skin on the back of the neck, armpits, and under the breast



3-**Polycystic ovaries treatment

PCOS treatment depends on a number of factors; This may include the age, severity of symptoms, and the patient's general health. The type of treatment may also depend on whether you want to become pregnant in the future
The treatment of polycystic ovaries depends on the symptoms and health problems that resulted from it. Treatment options include:


1- Change your diet and do more physical activities
Eating a healthy diet and more physical activity can help you lose weight and reduce symptoms, which helps your body use insulin more efficiently, lower blood sugar levels, and may help you lose weight.

2- Medications that stimulate ovulation
Medications can help the ovaries release eggs naturally. Bearing in mind that these medications also have certain risks, they can increase the chance of multiple births (twins or more). It can cause ovarian hyperstimulation. This occurs when the ovaries release too many hormones that can cause symptoms such as flatulence and pelvic pain.
- Pills
These help control menstrual cycles, lower androgen levels, and reduce acne.

2- diabetes medication
This is often used to reduce insulin resistance in PCOS. It may also help reduce androgen levels, slow hair growth, and help you ovulate more regularly.
3- Change your diet and get more active
Eating a healthy diet and more physical activity can help you lose weight and reduce symptoms, which helps your body use insulin more efficiently, lower blood sugar levels, and may help you ovulate.



Diet, in order to control weight and a healthy body mass index and treat the problem of obesity, if any.
Hormonal medications in cases of hormonal imbalance, such as medications that suppress male hormones, which also help control excessive hair growth.
Medicines that reduce insulin resistance.
Surgical intervention to get rid of follicular cysts in the ovary wall, which may affect the process of ovulation, and can sometimes be eliminated using a laser.
Some of the medications that are used to treat both cysts on the ovaries and PCOS include:

Metformin
Clomiphene Citrate.
Spironolactone.
Eflornithine.
Herbal treatment for polycystic ovaries
Many women tend to use herbs in the treatment of polycystic ovaries, but studies have not proven the existence of certain herbs that achieve treatment and recovery, but some herbs may help control some symptoms of polycystic ovaries.

One of the herbs that is known to be used in the treatment of ovarian cysts is marjoram. The beneficial effects of marjoram include the following:

Improve insulin sensitivity.
Contribute to the restoration of hormonal balance.
Stimulating the flow of the menstrual cycle, thus helping to regulate menstruation.
Reduce inflammation and improve digestive health.
It is recommended that before going to the treatment of polycystic ovaries with marjoram, consult a doctor or pharmacist.


The ovaries secrete two types of hormones that affect the female reproductive system:

Estrogen is the hormone responsible for:
Proper development of sexual signs in teenage girls.
Maturity and normal physiological functions of the female reproductive system.
​Progesterone: responsible with estrogen for the cyclical changes in the menstrual cycle in females. This includes:
Change in the covering of the egg follicle in preparation for its rupture and release of the egg during the ovulation stage.
Increasing the body temperature after ovulation in order to create optimal conditions for the meeting of the egg and sperm.

Do girls get polycystic ovaries?
It is common for women to discover they have PCOS when they have trouble conceiving, but it often begins shortly after their first period, at age 11 or 12, and can also occur in their twenties or thirties, according to the American Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. For disease control and prevention.